Ionization - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IonizationIonization or ionisation is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged atom or molecule is called an ion.
Ionizing radiation - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationIndirectly ionizing radiation is electrically neutral and does not interact strongly with matter, therefore the bulk of the ionization effects are due to secondary ionization. Even though photons are electrically neutral, they can ionize atoms indirectly through the photoelectric effect and the Compton effect. Either of those interac…