Direct and indirect effects of a pH gradient bring insights ...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › 29891000Direct and indirect effects of a pH gradient bring insights into the mechanisms driving prokaryotic community structures. Our results indicate that there are two distinct pH-related mechanisms driving prokaryotic community structures, the direct effect and "spillover effects" of pH (indirect effects). Moreover, the indirect effects are highly relevant for some OTUs and consequently for the community structure; therefor ….
Interactions between the direct and indirect effects of ...
www.pnas.org › content › 105/2/594Jan 15, 2008 · The ecological impacts of the indirect effects of predators are well established, but the evolutionary consequences are unknown. Predators often decrease prey density, which indirectly increases the resources available to surviving prey. This ecological effect could provide a link to evolution because it is generally assumed that resource availability influences life history evolution. Yet ...