Cells | Free Full-Text | Blood Cell In Vitro Cytokine ...
www.mdpi.com › 2073/4409/11-1 › 103Dec 29, 2021 · Immune system functionality has been commonly assessed by a whole-blood or isolated-cell stimulation assay. The aim of this study was to determine whether cytokine production in whole-blood-stimulated samples is influenced by age, sex, and smoking. A descriptive cross-sectional study in 253 healthy participants aged 18–55 years was conducted. Whole blood samples were stimulated for 24 h ...