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per day (Roffwarg et al., 1966). During this time, the percentage of active sleep (AS), which is the precursor of REM sleep in newborn babies, remains at approximately 50% within one-and-a-half days of birth (Korotchikova et al., 2016; Roffwarg et al., 1966). The proportion of AS begins to decrease gradually in infants to approximately 30% by the

synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity (Roffwarg et al., 1966; Jouvet-Mounier et al., 1970; Davis et al., 1999). These findings together provide strong, suggestive evi-Marcos G. Frank, Naoum P. Issa, and Michael P. Stryker* W. M. Keck Foundation Center for Integrative Neuroscience dence that synaptic circuits are modified during sleep.

Attention has just begun to focus on the ascending pathways which might be responsible for the hallucinations of dreaming (Roffwarg et al. 1966). Inasmuch as dreaming and other types of hallucinations may be related, we hypothesized that an enhancement of REMS by LSD might indirectly support a commonality of hallucinatory mechanisms.

1966 Apr 29;152(3722):604-19. doi: 10.1126/science.152.3722.604. Authors. H P Roffwarg, ...

life in behavior related to sleep (Ames, 1964; Roffwarg, et al., 1966; Graef, 1974). This includes getting ready for bed, trying to fall asleep while in bed, getting up to go to the bathroom, waking up during the night, and the various subjective experiences associated with fears of being alone in the darkness, with seeing shadows, with hav

Roffwarg, H. P., Muzio, J. N., & Dement, W. C. (1966). Ontogenetic development of the human sleep-dream cycle. Science, 152(3722), 604–619. https://.

This hypothesis, although not exclusive, differs from: the original theory of Roffwarg et al. (1966) that REM sleep serves as "wakefulness" during the period in which wakefulness is limited; and also from the theory of Crick and Mitchson (1983-the "unlearning" hypothesis of REM sleep).

Howard P. RoffwargJoseph N. Muzioand [...]William C. Dement +1 authors. Authors Info & Affiliations. Science • 29 Apr 1966 • Vol 152, Issue 3722 • pp.

Increased secretion of ACTH during sleep occurs in the early morning hours, at a time when REM sleep is maximal (Weitzman et al. 1966, Mandell et al. …

（Roffwarg et al., 1966）。図の横軸は年齢，縦軸は 1 日の睡眠時間と構成される睡眠の種類を示して いる。これを見ると，1 歳未満の乳児では，出生 後1 ヶ月頃までは1 日の睡眠の約半分がレム睡眠 であるが，その後，レム睡眠の割合は急激に減少

Roffwarg et al., 1966. H.P. Roffwarg, J.N. Muzio, W.C. Dement. Ontogenetic development of the human sleep-dream cycle. Science, 152 (1966), pp. 604-619.

Similar studies (ROFFWARG et al., 1966; PARMELEE, 1970; DREYFUS- BRISAC, 1964), showing high levels of REM sleep in the newborn period, had assumed that these characteristics re- flected processes endogenous to the CNS of the infant. KARACAN et al. (1969) also reported physiologic alter- ations in maternal sleep during the last

However, a recently described model (Lu et al., 2006) postulates that the main ... of CNS development in the fetus and the neonate (Roffwarg et al., 1966).

synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity (Roffwarg et al., 1966; Jouvet-Mounier et al., 1970; Davis et al., 1999). These findings together provide strong, suggestive evi-Marcos G. Frank, Naoum P. Issa, and Michael P. Stryker* W. M. Keck Foundation Center for Integrative Neuroscience dence that synaptic circuits are modified during sleep.

REM-in all young mammals (Roffwarg et al., 1966). Amphibia have none of the sleep features mammals and, unless their temperature falls, they remain constantly alert even when im- mobile and relaxed for long periods of time. I begin this essay by describing the most recent findings re-

This hypothesis, although not exclusive, differs from: the original theory of Roffwarg et al. (1966) that REM sleep serves as "wakefulness" during the period in which wakefulness is limited; and also from the theory of Crick and Mitchson (1983-the "unlearning" hypothesis of REM sleep).

17.12.2014 · Rotter (1966) Evaluation. – Reductionism – the study is highly reductionist and fails to consider wider factors such as mood or the impact of others. Determinism – the study argues that our actions are determined by our locus of control. + Usefulness – the study could be useful when combined with cognitive behavioural therapy in order ...

01.01.2011 · In their present classic study in human infants, Roffwarg et al. (1966) proposed that the large amounts of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep in early infancy provide an important source of endogenous neural activity necessary for brain maturation.

Jan 01, 2011 · In their present classic study in human infants, Roffwarg et al. (1966) proposed that the large amounts of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep in early infancy provide an important source of endogenous neural activity necessary for brain maturation.

Right: The ontogenetic hypothesis of Roffwarg et al. (1966), indicated in blue, posited a role for brainstem activity during active sleep in ...

life in behavior related to sleep (Ames, 1964; Roffwarg, et al., 1966; Graef, 1974). This includes getting ready for bed, trying to fall asleep while in bed, getting up to go to the bathroom, waking up during the night, and the various subjective experiences associated with fears of being alone in the darkness, with seeing shadows, with hav

Close. Sleep duration as a function of age (after Roffwarg et al. 1966). Sleep duration as a function of age (after Roffwarg et al. 1966).

Summary: Roffwarg et al. have proposed two complementary hypotheses to ... (1966) report that the human infant spends approximately 8 hr per day in REM.

Ontogenetic Development of the Human Sleep-Dream Cycle: The prime role of "dreaming sleep" in early life may be in the development of the central nervous system. Ontogenetic Development of the Human Sleep-Dream Cycle: Howard P. Roffwarg Joseph N. Muzioand William C. Dement Authors Info & Affiliations.

differs from: the original theory of Roffwarg et al. (1966) that REM sleep serves as. “wakefulness” during the period in which wakefulness is limited; ...

REM-in all young mammals (Roffwarg et al., 1966). Amphibia have none of the sleep features mammals and, unless their temperature falls, they remain constantly alert even when im- mobile and relaxed for long periods of time. I begin this essay by describing the most recent findings re-