Singular integral - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular_integralIn mathematics, singular integrals are central to harmonic analysis and are intimately connected with the study of partial differential equations. Broadly speaking a singular integral is an integral operatorwhose kernel function K : R ×R → R is singularalong the diagonal x = y. Specifically, the singularity is such that |K(x, y)| is of size |x − y| asymptotically as |x − y| → 0. Since such integrals may not i…
Kernel (operating system) - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)In an operating system with a layered architecture, the kernel is the lowest level, has complete control of the hardware and is always in memory. In some systems it is a single block of memory, while other systems have mechanisms, e.g., loadable kernel modules, that can extend the kernel. The kernel facilitates interactions between hardware and software components. A full kernel control…