Indirect effect - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indirect_effectIndirect effect is a principle of the European Union (EU) law, whereby national courts of the member states of the EU are required to interpret national law in line with provisions of EU law. The principle of indirect effect contrasts with the principle of direct effect, which, under certain conditions, allows individuals to invoke the EU law itself before national courts. The indirect effect arises from the failure of a member state to implement a directive—either cor…
INDIRECT EFFECT - Law Revision
ivanarose.weebly.com/indirect-effect.htmlIndirect effect is an interpretative tool by which individuals may use to rely on Directives against other individuals. Article 4 (3) TEU - as interpreted by the ECJ National courts are under a duty to interpret national law consistently with EU LAW, so far as it is possible to do so, whether or not the Directive has direct effect.